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Selected methods of the history of text interpretation applied on John 20:21-23
Hreha, Ján ; Bártová, Darina (advisor) ; Mrázek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis considers Jesus' speech at the revelation to the disciples the evening after the resurrection described in John 20: 21-23. Here Jesus commands the disciples, breathes on them, and offers the Holy Spirit. Then He pronounces a peculiar statement about the forgiveness and retention of sins. The first part of the thesis presents translation, textual criticism, literary form and genre criticism, structural analysis, context, and intertextual links, followed by my interpretation of the text. The second part surveys the history of the interpretation of these verses from the early Christian authors, through patristics, the Middle Ages, the Reformation period, the 19th and 20th centuries up to the present day. It considers Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, and Orthodox views. Conclusion synthesizes the diverse views through the following questions: Who is challenged in verses 21-23? What is the liturgical significance of verses 21-23? Who forgives in verse 23? What are the conditions of forgiveness? Who is to be forgiven in the verse 23? Is the proclamation of forgiveness just an antithesis of the Reformation? What is the meaning of retention of the sins in verse 23b?
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Matthew 10,16 - exegesis and history of interpretation
Černá, Venuše ; Mrázek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee)
Matthew 10.16, which uses metaphorical statements known from Greek and Jewish literature, stands at the center of the second great discourse of the Gospel of Matthew (missionary speech) as a bridge between the first and second parts, which briefly summarizes its basic themes − Jesus' sending the disciples, their situation in a hostile world and features needed to fulfill this task in these conditions. In my own translation, I decided to keep the words (omitted in some translations) that have an important function in the text − "behold" (as macrosyntactical signal, which focuses attention on new important theme), "I" (as emphasis on the person of a speaker who is at once a Shepherd, Sheep and Lamb) and "therefore" (as emphasis on necessity of these properties which follows from the facts mentioned in the previous sentence − both from their task and their position as disciples in a hostile world). I prefer the word "pure" for the translation of properties of doves, which (in my opinion) aptly expresses the importance of both textual variants without the negative connotations of the word "simple" (as naive or stupid). Prudence is not only a way to avoid danger, but rather finding ways to fulfill the task. Purity means that the disciple is not adapt to this world (to be a wolf among wolves), but follow...
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Matthew 10,16 - exegesis and history of interpretation
Černá, Venuše ; Mrázek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee)
Matthew 10.16, which uses metaphorical statements known from Greek and Jewish literature, stands at the center of the second great discourse of the Gospel of Matthew (missionary speech) as a bridge between the first and second parts, which briefly summarizes its basic themes − Jesus' sending the disciples, their situation in a hostile world and features needed to fulfill this task in these conditions. In my own translation, I decided to keep the words (omitted in some translations) that have an important function in the text − "behold" (as macrosyntactical signal, which focuses attention on new important theme), "I" (as emphasis on the person of a speaker who is at once a Shepherd, Sheep and Lamb) and "therefore" (as emphasis on necessity of these properties which follows from the facts mentioned in the previous sentence − both from their task and their position as disciples in a hostile world). I prefer the word "pure" for the translation of properties of doves, which (in my opinion) aptly expresses the importance of both textual variants without the negative connotations of the word "simple" (as naive or stupid). Prudence is not only a way to avoid danger, but rather finding ways to fulfill the task. Purity means that the disciple is not adapt to this world (to be a wolf among wolves), but follow...
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